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电力人不可不知的输电线路(电气&结构)专业词汇

发布于：2025-10-28 11:13:28 来自：电气工程/电气资料库

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线路电气

A
安全系数	factor of safety
B
棒—棒间隙	rod-rod gap
棒形悬式绝缘子；长棒形绝缘子	long rod insulator
棒形支柱绝缘子；实心支柱绝缘子	solid-core post insulator
保护措施	protection measure
保护角	angle of shade
保护爬电距离	protection creepage distance
避雷器	arrester
扁钢；条钢	flat bar
变电站	substation
变异系数	coefficient of variation
标称电压	nominal voltage
标称荷载	normal load; primary load
标称截面	nominal cross-sectional area
标贯试验	standard penetration test
标准大气条件	standard reference atmosphere
表面泄漏电流计	surface leakage tester
冰荷载	ice loading
并沟线夹	parallel groove clamp
补修管	repair sleeve
补修条	patch rods
不等高档	sloping span; inclined span
不均匀覆冰	uneven ice accumulation
不平衡张力	unbalanced tension
C
残留机械强度	residual mechanical strength
残余电流	residual current
残余电压	residual voltage
操作过电压	switching overvoltage
槽型连接	clevis and tongue coupling
测量误差	error of measurement
层	layer
差转台	booster station
场强	filed strength
超高压	extra high voltage
充电电流	charging current
冲击过电压耐受电压	impulse overvoltage puncture withstand voltage
初伸长率	initial elongation
穿缆（式）套管	draw lead bushing
船体（悬垂线夹的）	body ( of a suspension clamp)
垂直荷载	vertical load
垂直排列	vertical configuration
瓷管	porcelain tube
瓷横担绝缘子	porcelain cross-arm insulator
瓷夹板	porcelain cleat
瓷件	ceramic insulator part
瓷绝缘子	ceramic insulator
磁损	magnetic loss
次档距振动	subspan oscillation
从悬垂挂点起算的第一个间隔棒	first spacer away from the suspension point
D
搭接	lap joint; overlap
搭接接头	lap joint
大风	high wind
大跨越	large crossing
大爬距绝缘子	long leakage distance insulator
代表档距	equivalent span; ruling span
带电的（用于作业）	energized ( in live working)
带电作业	live working; live work
单导线	single conductor
单回路	single circuit
单回线	single circuit line
单极线	monopolar line
单向对地故障	single phase- earth fault
单芯线	solid conductor
档	span
档距	span length
档距中央	midspan
导地线的单丝	individual wire
导线（架空线路的）	conductor ( of an overhead line)
导线表面场强	conductor surface filed intensity
导线布置	conductor arrangements
导线对地高度	height of conductor above ground
导线金具	conductor fittings
导线排列	conductor configuration
导线舞动	conductor vibration
导线外层绞向	stranding direction of outermost layer
倒三角排列	delta configuration
等高档	level span
等值附盐量	equivalent salt deposit
等值附盐密度	equivalent salt deposit density
等值盐密度	equivalent salt density
等电位高升	ground potential rise
地面场强	ground level filed intensity
地下电缆	underground cable
地线；架空地线	earth wire; shield wire
地线返回电流	returning current from the earth wire
地线间隙	shield wire spacing
地震荷载	earthquake load
地震烈度	earthquake intensity
电场	electric field
电场强度	electric field strength
电场效应	electric field effect
电磁干扰	electromagnetic interference
电磁感应	electromagnetic induction
电磁环境	electromagnetic environment
电磁兼容	electromagnetic compatibility ( EMC)
电磁骚扰	electromagnetic disturbance
电磁噪声	electromagnetic noise
电导率	electrical conductivity
电动势	electromotive force
电弧试验	power arc test
电击	electric shock
电缆标识	cable marking stake
电缆蛇形敷设	snaking of cable
电离	ionization
电力金具	electric power fitting
电平	level
电气安全距离	electric safely distance
电气化铁路	overhead electric traction line
电气间隙	electrical clearance
电气设备定额电压	rated voltage for equipment
电容（式）套管	capacitance graded bushing
电视干扰	television interference
电晕	corona
电阻	resistance
垫板	filler plate
蝶式绝缘子	shackle insulator
冻雨	freezing rain
镀锌钢绞线	stranded galvanized steel wire
短路电流	short-circuit currents
断线工况	broken wire condition
对地电压	voltage with respect to earth
对地净距	clearance to ground
对角塔腿断面	diagonal leg profile
对障碍物的净距	clearance to obstacles
多回路（线路）	multiple circuit line
多雷	high lighting incidence
多元件绝缘子	multi- element insulator
E
额定动稳定电流	rated dynamic current
额定热短时电流	rated thermal short time current
二分裂导线	twin bundle
F
法定荷载	legislative load
反击	back flashover
防腐	protection against corrosion
防雷设计	lighting protection design
防污措施	measurement against pollution
防震锤	vibration damper
放松（孤立）档	slack span
飞车	spacer car
非带电的（用于带电作业）	dead ( in live working)
非居民区	nonresidential area
非均匀冰荷载	non-uniform ice loading
分裂导线	conductor bundle
风荷载	sub-conductor spacing
风速不均匀系数	wind speed nonuniformity coefficient
风向玫瑰图	wind direction rose chart
风向频率	wind direction frequency
风压	wind pressure
风载档距	wind span
风载体形系数	shape factor of wind load; drag factor
辅助设施	ancillary service
负荷电流	load current
负荷下的偏移	deflection under load
负极	negative pole
附件；紧固器件	fitting; fixing device
复合绝缘子	composite insulator
复合绝缘子的界面	interfaces of a composite insulator
复合绝缘院子的外套和伞	housing and sheds of a composite insulator
覆冰	ice accretion
覆冰厚度	ice thickness
G
干弧距离	dry arcing distance
干扰	interference ( influence)
干扰源	interference source
干扰允许值	limit of interference
干式交联	dry- type cross- linked
杆塔标志牌	tower sign
杆塔定位	locating of tower
杆塔明细表	structure list
杆塔位平断面图	plan and profile drawing
杆塔中心桩	tower center per pile
感性耦合	inductive coupling
感应电流	induced current
感应电压	induced voltage
刚性绝缘子	rigid insulator
钢化玻璃	toughened glass
钢化玻璃绝缘子	toughened glass insulator
钢芯	steel core
钢芯铝合金绞线	steel reinforced aluminum alloy conductor
钢芯铝绞线	steel reinforced aluminum conductor
高差	difference in levels
高电压	high voltage
高可靠性电力线路	high- reliability power line
工频	power- frequency
工频电压	power- frequency voltage
工频湿耐受电压	wet power- frequency withstand voltage
工作荷载	working load
股线	wire; strand
鼓形绝缘子	knob insulator
故障电流	fault current
挂点	attachment point
挂钩	hook
挂线板	attachment steel plate
光滑导线	smooth body conductor
光纤接续盒	optical fiber joint box
硅橡胶	silicone rubber
过电压保护	overvoltage protection

H
海底电缆	submarine cable
航空警告标志	aircraft warning marker
合成绝缘子	composite insulator
荷载标准值	standard value of load
荷载设计值	design value of load
荷载系数	load factor
荷载状态	loading case
荷载组合	loading assumptions
横断面	transverse profile; section profile
横向荷载	transverse load
洪水位	flood stage
洪水淹没区	flooded area
弧垂	sag
弧垂模板	sag template
弧垂张力曲线	sag and tension chart
户内支柱绝缘子	indoor post insulator
户外（内）—浸入式套管	outdoor( indoor)- immersed bushing
户外（内）套管	outdoor( indoor) bushing
户外直柱绝缘子	outdoor post insulator
护套	housing; sheath; sleeve
护线条	armor rods
滑落	slide down
环境温度	ambient temperature
环境影响	environmental impact
换流站	converter station
换位	transposition
回流线（辅助接地线）	auxiliary ground wire
回路	circuit
回转式悬垂线夹	pivot- type suspension clamp
回转轴	trunnion
J
击穿	puncture
击穿电压	puncture voltage
机电破坏荷载	electromechanical failing load
机械冲击强度	impact load
机械耐受负荷	mechanical withstand load
机械破坏负荷	mechanical failing load
机械强度	mechanical strength
机械设计	mechanical design
极限设计荷载	ultimate design load
极	pole
极大风速	extreme wind speed
极限档距	maximum individual span
极限设计	ultimate strength design
极性	polarity
集肤效应	skin effect
集中荷载	concentrated load
技术规范	technical specification
技术要求	technical requirement
夹层	switch cabin
加强型绞线	reinforced conductor
加强型铝合金绞线	alloy reinforced aluminum conductor (ACAR)
加权平均值	weighted mean value
架空地线盘形（悬式）绝缘子	cap and pin insulator for ground overhead lead
架空送电线路	overhead transmission line
架空线路	overhead line
间隔棒	spacer
剪应力	shearing stress
降阻剂	resistance decreasing agent
交叉跨越	crossing
交叉角	cross angle
交流线路	a. c. line
交通困难地区	difficult transport area
绞合节距比	lay ratio; lay factor
绞线	stranded conductor
绞向	direction of lay
接触线	contact wire
接地	earthing; grounding
接地电阻	grounding (earthing ) resistance
接地端	earth end
接地故障	earth fault
接地极	earth ( ground) electrode
接地装置	counterpoise
接近	parallelism
接续管	mid- span tension joint
节点板	gusset plate
节距长度	length of lay
节能金具	energy- saving fitting
截面积	cross section area
紧凑型线路	compact transmission line
紧导（地）线	stringing of conductor ( earthwire)
紧固件	fastener
紧固力矩	tightening torque
进线档	approach span
经验公式	empirical formula
警告牌	danger plate ( sign)
静电场强	static field strength
静电放电	electrostatic discharge
静电感应	electrostatic induction
居民区	residential area
局部放电	partial discharge
绝对湿度	absolute humidity
绝缘	insulation
绝缘件	insulating part
绝缘铝导线	aluminum conductor
绝缘水平	insulation level
绝缘套	insulating envelope
绝缘子	insulator
绝缘保护金具	insulator protective fitting
绝缘子串	insulator string
绝缘子串组	insulator set
绝缘子的老化	ageing of an insulator
绝缘子的伞（裙）	shed of an insulator
均布冰荷载	uniform ice loading
均压环	grading ring
竣工图	as- built drawings
K
开挖	excavation
抗扰度	interference rejection
抗弯刚度	flexural rigidity
可见电晕	visible corona
可听噪声	audible noise
空间电荷	space charge
空气间隙	air gap
空气密度	air density
空心支柱绝缘子	hollow post insulator
空芯导线	hollow conductor
控制工况	critical case
跨越公路	road crossing
扩径导线	expanded conductor
L
拉杆绝缘子	link insulator
拉紧绝缘子	strain insulator
老化	aging
老化试验	aging tests
雷电波	lighting surge
雷电冲击干耐受电压	dry lighting impulse withstand voltage
雷电过电压	lighting overvoltage
雷电流陡度	steepness of lighting current
雷电流幅值	amplitude of lighting current
雷电水平	lighting level
雷电特性	lighting performance
雷击	lighting stroke
连续档；多档	multi- span
联合式基础	raft foundation
邻档	adjacent span
临时拉线	temporary guy
零序阻抗	zero sequence impedance
漏电起痕	tracking
路径	line route
路径图	line route map
路径选择	route selection
铝包带	aluminum armor tape
铝包钢	aluminum- clad steel
铝包钢加强绞线	aluminum clad steel reinforced aluminum conductor ( acsr; ac)
铝合金	aluminum alloy
铝合金绞线	all aluminum alloy conductor ( AAAC)
铝绞线	all aluminum conductor ( AAC)
裸导线	bare conductor
M
末端效应	end effect phenomena
N
耐腐蚀	corrosion resistant
耐火性	fire resistant
耐污型绝缘子	antipollution- type insulator
耐压	withstand voltage
耐张串	inverted tension set; tension insulator string
耐张段	section
耐张段长度	section length
耐张绝缘子串	tension set
耐张塔	strain ( tension) tower
耐张线夹	anchor cl tension cl dead- end clamp
耐张转角	angle strain
挠性固定	slip fixing
内部过电压工况	internal over voltage condition
年平均气温	mean annual temperature
扭力	torsional force
扭转刚度	torsional stiffness; torsional rigidity
P
爬电比距	specific creepage distance
爬电距离	creepage distance
排流线圈	drainage coil
盘形（悬式）绝缘子	cap and pin insulator
配电线路	distribution line
平衡电流	balanced current
平均风速	average wind velocity
平均气温	average temperature
平均应力	mean stress
平均运行张力	everyday tension
平行接近	parallelism
屏蔽环	shielding ring
屏蔽系数	screening factor; shielding factor
破坏荷载	failure load
普通型绝缘子	standard- type insulator
普通支架（臂式支架）	cantilever bracket

线路结构

A
A 型杆塔	“A” pole
安装工况	erection condition
B
半掏挖基础	half-digged foundation
边相导线	side phase conductor
标准值	characteristic value
标准荷载	characteristic load value
表上层	surface horizon
不等边角钢	unequal angle steel
不等高基础	unequal foundation
不排水剪切强度	undrained shear strength
C
叉梁、交叉斜材	cross bracing
插入角钢	stab angle
插值法	interpolation
长期荷载工况	long term load condition
长细比	slenderness ratio
承力地层	bearing stratum
承载力	load-bearing capacity
冲孔	punching; piercing
冲刷深度	scour depth
抽样规则	sampling rule
垂直距离	vertical distance
D
打入桩	driven pile
大腹杆	main bracing
单腹杆	single warren; single lacing
档距系数	span coefficient
挡土墙	retaining wall
导线	conductor
低合金钢	low alloy steel
低碳钢	mild steel
地脚螺栓	anchor bolt
地耐力	bearing capacity of the soil
地下水	ground water
地下水位	ground water level
地线支架	earth wire peak
电缆沟	cable through
电缆构筑物	cable building
垫层	pad ( of a foundation)
冻土	frozen ground ( soil, rock)
镀锌钢	galvanized steel
F
筏形基础	raft foundation
方横担	square crossarm
方塔身	square tower body
方向桩	intermediate line peg
防波堤	break water
防盗螺栓	theft prevention bolt
防爬装置	anti-climbing guard; anti-climbing device
非均质岩	non homogenous rock
分开式基础	separate footing foundation
分支杆塔	branch pole
分项系数	partial factor
风化岩	weathered rock
风振系数	wind fluttering factor
辅助材	redundant bracing ( member)
辅助横担	auxiliary crossarm
附加荷载	additional load
复合式沉井基础	combined sink well foundation
腹杆系	bracing system; lacing system
G
杆	pole
杆和支架	poles and brackets
杆塔	support; structure ( of an overhead line)
刚性基础	rigid foundation
钢格栅基础	steel grillage type foundation
钢构件	structural steel member
钢管杆	steel pole
钢筋混凝土板式基础	reinforced concrete sheet foundation
钢筋混凝土杆	reinforced concrete pole
高低腿	unequal tower legs
高低柱基础	unequal pole foundation
高强钢	high tensile steel
格构式塔	lattice tower
格栅式基础	grillage foundation
工作井	manhole
构件	component; member
骨料	aggregate
挂架	dropper
灌注桩	cast-in-situ pile; cast-in placed pile; bored-pile
H
H 型杆	portal support; “H” pole
夯实	compaction
横担	crossarm
横担拉杆	crossarm hanger bar
横担主材	crossarm main member
横隔	plan bracing; diaphragm
厚度	thickness
护坡	slope protection
换土回填	imported backfill
换位段	transposition interval
换位杆塔	transposition support
换位塔	transposition tower
回填	backfill
回填土	backfilled soil
混凝土保护层	concrete cover
混凝土粗骨料	coarse aggregate of concrete
混凝土浇筑	placing of concrete
混凝土搅拌机	concrete mixer
混凝土台阶式基础	benched foundation of concrete
混凝土细骨料	fine aggregate of concrete
混凝土养护	curing of concrete
混凝土圆柱试样	cylinder sample
活荷载	live load
火曲	hot bending
J
基础	foundation
基础不均匀沉降	uneven settlement of foundation
基础底板	bearing plate
基础垫层	blinding layer
基础垫层材料	underlying foundation material
基础顶面	upper face of the foundation
基础分坑	layout of foundation
基础钢筋	reinforcement steel
基础混凝土垫层	encasing concrete
基础坑挡土板	layer of blinding concrete
基础立柱	sheathing ( of a foundation)
基础支撑	chimney ( of a foundation)
基石；柱角	shoring of foundation
极限状态	limit states
加长腿	hill-side extension; leg extension
加强筋	reinforcing rods
夹角	angle between; included angle
脚钉	step bolt
铰接	pin connection
节点	node; panel point
局部稳定	local stability
K
K 形腹杆	“K” bracing; K panel
抗力分项系数	resistance partial coefficient
可变荷载	variable load
刻痕钢丝	indented steel wire
坑	excavation; pit; pole
孔边距	edge distance
扩孔桩	expanded pile; bulb pile; under-reamed pile
L
拉 V 塔	guyed vee tower
拉杆	gang member
拉猫塔	guyed delta tower
拉伸试验	tensile test
拉线	guy; stay; stay wire
拉线棒	anchor rod
拉线地锚	guy anchor
拉线杆塔	stayed support
拉线盘	anchor
拉线塔	guyed tower
联板	yoke plate
雷暴日数	thunderstorm days
M
锚固件	anchoring parts; anchoring elements
锚栓	anchor bolt
摩擦角	angle of friction
N
耐张杆塔	tension support; angle support
挠度	deflection
内摩擦角	angle of internal friction
P
平口	waist
坡口	groove

Q
浅槽	channel
（岩石）强风化	strongly weathered; highly weathered
曲臂	fork; “K” frame
全方位高低腿	unequal support legs
R
热浸镀锌	hot dipped galvanizing
人口密集地区	densely populated area
人口稀少地区	sparsely populated area
软弱下卧层
S
三腹杆	triple warren; triple lacing
散水	muff; apron
上拔工况	uplift condition
上拔荷载	uplift load
上拔基础	uplift foundation
受拉构件	tension member
受力材	stress carrying member
受压构件	compression member
双腹杆	double warren; double lacing
双固定	double fixed
水平距离	horizontal distance
水平偏移	horizontal deviation
水平档距	horizontal span
瞬时破坏张力	instantaneous destruction of tension
隧道	tunnel
T
塔	tower
塔基断面图	cross- section sketch
塔脚	foot; footing
塔脚板	suspension center on tower
塔上的吊点	attachment of sling
塔身	tower body
塔身风压填充系数	solidity ratio of tower body
塔身加长段	body extension
塔身坡度	body slope
塔头	top hamper; super structure
塔腿	tower leg
塔腿定位	positioning of tower legs
塔腿延伸	leg slope
塔位	tower location
塔型	tower type
碳钢	carbon steel
掏挖	undercut; dig; scoop out; hollow out
套管接头	sleeve joint
体形系数	drag coefficient
铁塔波阻抗	tower surge impedance
铁塔长短腿	unequal leg extension
铁塔单线图	tower outline
铁塔构造	tower framing
铁塔破坏性试验	destructive test of tower
通道	channel
土壤分类	soil classification
土壤剪切强度	soil shear strength
土壤抗压强度	soil compressed strength
土壤容重	weight of soil
土壤液化	liquefaction of soil
土体	soil mass
W
污秽等级	pollution grade
污秽特征	contamination and humid characteristics
X
现浇墩型基础	pad and chimney foundation; cast-in-situ pier
线间距离	wire spacing
线路转角	line deviation angle
小腹杆	redundant bracings; secondary bracings
楔	cleat
斜材	bracing member
斜柱基础	pad and stub foundation; oblique cylinder foundation; oblique column foundation
Y
压注桩	pressure injected pile
岩锚基础	rock anchor foundation
引弧环	arcing ring
引下线	downlead line
永久荷载	permanent load
预制基础	prefabricated foundation
原状抗拔土体	undisturbed soil with uplift resistance
原状土基础	undisturbed soil foundation
Z
招弧角	arcing horn
真型试验	full scale testing
整体基础	block foundation; mass-type foundation
正应力	normal stress
支架	bracket
直线杆塔	intermediate support
直线耐张	tangent strain
直线塔	tangent tower
直线悬垂	tangent suspension
直线转角塔	flying angle support; running angle support
中横担	beam gantry; bridge; girder
终端杆塔	terminal support
终端塔；锚塔；耐张塔	dead-end tower; terminal tower
重冰地区	heavy ice area
重力式基础	gravity type foundation
主材	main leg
主筋净距	main reinforcement clearance
转动连塔挂板	tower swivel clevis
转角	deviation angle
转角杆塔	angle support
转角终端	angle deadend
转角塔	angle tower
转角杆	angle pole
钻孔	drilling
钻孔灌注桩	bored pile
装配式基础	assembly foundation; fabricated foundation
桩基础	pile foundation
自立杆塔	self-supporting support
自立塔	self-supporting tower
组合构件	built-up members
组塔	erection of tower
组装试验	assembly test
阻尼间隔棒	damping spacer
最大使用张力	maximum imposed tension
最小配筋量	minimum amount of reinforcement